As special education preschool teachers, we often see our students struggle with sensory processing challenges. Some children seek movement constantly, while others seem unaware of their body’s position in space. Understanding sensory integration—especially vestibular regulation and proprioceptive input—can help us create classrooms that support all learners and set them up for success.
In this blog post, I will share the ins and outs of sensory integration and how to use vestibular and proprioceptive input to help students regulate. Please note
- You should always consult with your team occupational therapist
- Treat each student individually. What works for one student may not work for another.
What is Sensory Integration?
Sensory integration is the brain’s ability to take in, organize, and respond to sensory information from the environment and the body. Children with sensory processing difficulties may have trouble filtering, modulating, or responding to sensory input appropriately. This can impact their ability to focus, engage in activities, and regulate their emotions.
Vestibular Regulation: The Body’s Sense of Balance and Movement
The vestibular system, located in the inner ear, helps with balance, spatial orientation, and coordination. A well-regulated vestibular system allows children to navigate their environment safely, maintain posture, and develop motor skills.
Signs of Vestibular Dysfunction:
- Seeking excessive movement (e.g., spinning, swinging, or rocking)
- Avoiding movement (e.g., fearful of slides, swings, balance beams, or climbing)
- Poor balance and coordination
- Difficulty sitting still or maintaining focus
Classroom Strategies for Vestibular Regulation:
- Provide movement breaks with activities like jumping, marching, or yoga
- Incorporate swings, balance beams, or rocking chairs
- Use sit-and-spin toys or wobble cushions for fidgety children
- Offer predictable movement routines to help anxious students feel secure
Proprioceptive Input: The Body’s Awareness of Itself
Proprioception refers to the body’s ability to sense its position, movement, and force. It helps children control their movements, maintain posture, and feel grounded in their environment.
Signs of Proprioceptive Dysfunction:
- Frequently bumping into objects or people
- Seeking deep pressure (e.g., tight hugs, crashing into walls, or jumping excessively)
- Poor motor planning and coordination
- Difficulty using appropriate force when writing or handling objects
Classroom Strategies for Proprioceptive Input:
- Weighted lap pads or compression vests
- Heavy work, including activities like pushing, pulling, carrying, or squeezing objects
- Provide opportunities for deep-pressure input through bear hugs or rolling with therapy balls
- Use resistance bands on chairs or hand fidgets for focused engagement
Integrating Sensory Support into the Preschool Classroom
A sensory-friendly classroom helps children regulate their sensory needs while fostering engagement and learning. Consider incorporating:
- Calm corners with sensory bins, noise-reducing headphones, or soft lighting
- Movement stations with swings, tunnels, or stepping stones
- Hands-on materials like playdough, weighted blankets, or textured toys
- Visual schedules to help students transition smoothly between activities